En matière d’industrialisation, le Sénégal ne cesse de dégringoler. Le triste constat est du ministère des Finances dans le document portant projet de budget 2022.
Le Sénégal est loin d’être un pays industriel. Malgré les promesses d’émergence, le chemin vers l’industrialisation reste très loin. Il suffit de voir le diagnostic fait par le ministère des Finances à travers le projet de budget 2022. « Le tissu industriel sénégalais reste encore très peu développé, avec une faible articulation entre le secteur primaire et le secteur secondaire, se traduisant par la faiblesse des activités de transformation et de valorisation de nos produits », reconnait les services du ministre Abdoulaye Daouda Diallo.
Selon le document, la valeur ajoutée manufacturière (VAM), en plus d’être très faible, a tendance à stagner ou même à baisser ces dernières années. Aujourd’hui, le Sénégal compte 9% d’entreprises formelles. Du coup, le secteur industriel ne participe qu’à hauteur de 19% au PIB.
Pour donner une idée assez nette de la position du Sénégal, le ministère a établi une comparaison avec certains pays émergents. « Notre VAM par habitant représente la moitié de celle du Maroc, le tiers de celle de l’Afrique du Sud, 10% de celle de la Turquie, 3% de celle de la Corée du Sud. Singapour a une VAM par habitant 45 fois supérieure à celle du Sénégal ».
Vu la faiblesse de ces chiffres, on comprend aisément, comme le souligne le ministère des Finances, que le Sénégal dépend de l’extérieur, malgré les potentialités, surtout en ce qui concerne les produits alimentaires et les biens d’équipements de consommation courante.
« La conséquence est presque mécanique : la balance commerciale du Sénégal n’a cessé d’être déficitaire depuis 1963. En 2019 et en valeur absolue, notre pays a importé pratiquement le double de ce qu’il a exporté : 5 372,54 milliards de FCFA contre 3 419 milliards de FCFA. Le Sénégal n’exporte essentiellement que des produits non transformés et importe la quasi-totalité des produits transformés », semble se désoler le ministère.
Or, d’après les services d’Abdoulaye Daouda Diallo, l’une des principales leçons économiques enseignées par le monde est que les pays qui exportent des produits bruts ont un niveau de vie inférieur.
Partant de cela, le ministère souligne que l’Etat nourrit la volonté ‘’d’asseoir une industrie compétitive, portée par un secteur privé national fort’’ pour un développement inclusif et durable. Seulement, si l’on se réfère à certaines promesses, on ne peut que douter de la réalisation des ambitions.
A titre illustratif, l’autosuffisance en riz promis pour 2017 n’est pas encore effective en 2021. Il s’y ajoute les lenteurs notées dans la relance de Médis Sénégal annoncée depuis des mois et qui montrent combien la machine est lourde et difficile à démarrer.
Pour certains, le choix de Moustapha Diop comme ministre de l’Industrie illustre également un manque de volonté de la part du président Macky Sall.
Vidéo non sponsorisée / Aucun placement de produit © 2017 SIWEUL | Tous droits réservés.
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